科技赋能农业，上海高校学生为崇明金瓜种植户破解“急难愁盼”
中新网上海8月16日电（记者陈静）金瓜又名金丝瓜、搅瓜、茭瓜等，是上海市崇明区特产、全国农产品地理标志。然而，当前金瓜作物面临严峻挑战：病原影响巨大，农户种植成果与天气、环境、病害等因素紧密相连。病原菌的侵袭导致金瓜着果率低下，果实要么畸形要么裂果，整体产量大幅减少。
面对这一难题，上海商学院酒店管理学院的学生团队——“智启金田”项目组，深入乡村基层，实地调研金瓜病虫害问题。他们在调研中发现，农户主要依靠筛选抗病性强的瓜果品种和土壤消毒处理等传统手段来减少病害。
为了更有效地防控细菌性软腐病，团队将研究重点放在了感病基因上。经过30余次实地调研和样本采集分析，团队对国内多个地区瓜果作物进行了深入研究。他们设计了病变自检抗原的探针，并搭建了病害图像识别系统，建立了7种瓜果病原菌疾病的检测体系。
实验结果显示，团队设计的探针准确性超过98%，表明其具有极高的精确度和实用性。同时，团队利用AI大数据对20多种病害进行了垂直训练，建成金瓜病变图像识别模型。目前，团队已初步完成从实验室病原菌检测到实时监控作物健康情况的基础测试。
针对农户在种植过程中缺乏现代科学技术支撑的现状，团队推出了集快速病原菌检测体系、病原菌检测图像数据库、图像识别模型和APP四位一体的个性化定制解决方案。这一解决方案操作简单，农户只需在手机端APP拍照上传病害情况，后台就能自动识别病害种类，并提供初步解决方案。
校方表示，“智启金田”一站式服务平台不仅满足了金瓜种植农户的日常需求，还提供了预防、诊疗服务。平台集成了农场主经验分享、种植结构优化、病害专业分析、抗原寄送和诊疗建议方案等功能，为广大崇明金瓜种植户破解了“急难愁盼”，助力农业高质量发展。
英语如下：
News Title: “Technology Empowers Chongming Golden Pumpkin: College Students Solve Planting Challenges”
Keywords: Agricultural Technology, Chongming Golden Pumpkin, Pest Challenges
News Content:
Technology Empowers Agriculture, College Students in Shanghai Solve Problems for Chongming Golden Pumpkin Growers
SHANGHAI, Aug. 16 (Xinhua) — Golden pumpkin, also known as golden stringed pumpkin, mashed pumpkin, and taro pumpkin, is a specialty of Chongming District, Shanghai, and a national agricultural product with geographical indication. However, the golden pumpkin crop faces severe challenges: the impact of pathogens is significant, and the growers’ harvest is closely linked to weather, environment, and disease factors. The invasion of pathogens results in low fruit setting rates, with either deformed or cracked fruits, leading to a substantial reduction in overall yield.
In response to this dilemma, a student team from the Hotel Management School of Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, known as the “Zhiqi Jintian” project group, has ventured into rural areas to conduct on-site research on the disease and pest problems of the golden pumpkin. During their investigation, they found that farmers primarily rely on traditional methods such as selecting disease-resistant pumpkin varieties and soil disinfection treatments to reduce diseases.
To more effectively control bacterial soft rot disease, the team focused its research on susceptible genes. After more than 30 field investigations and sample collection analyses, the team conducted in-depth studies on various regions’ fruit crops. They designed probes for self-detection of pathogen-induced lesions and established a disease image recognition system, establishing a detection system for seven types of fruit pathogens.
The experimental results showed that the probe designed by the team had an accuracy of over 98%, indicating its extremely high precision and practicality. Additionally, the team utilized AI big data to conduct vertical training on 20 types of diseases, building a model for the identification of pumpkin disease images. Currently, the team has initially completed basic testing from the detection of pathogens in the laboratory to real-time monitoring of crop health conditions.
In response to the lack of modern scientific and technological support in the planting process for farmers, the team introduced a personalized customization solution that integrates a rapid pathogen detection system, a pathogen detection image database, an image recognition model, and an APP. This solution is simple to operate, allowing farmers to upload photos of disease conditions via the mobile APP, and the backend can automatically identify the disease type and provide preliminary solutions.
The school stated that the “Zhiqi Jintian” one-stop service platform not only meets the daily needs of Chongming golden pumpkin growers but also provides preventive and curative services. The platform integrates functions such as sharing of farmers’ experience, optimization of planting structures, professional analysis of diseases, delivery of antigens, and curative suggestions, helping solve the “urgent, difficult, and worrying” problems for a wide range of Chongming golden pumpkin growers and promoting high-quality agricultural development.
【来源】http://www.chinanews.com/sh/2024/08-16/10269789.shtml
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